Oct 6, 2022 · HHS Spends $290 Million On Extra Radiation Sickness Medication. It could be a "troubling sign of the times," FiercePharma says, noting the money is buying an "undisclosed" amount of the Amgen drug Nplate — approved to treat blood cell injuries from acute radiation sickness. The Department of Health and Human Services downplayed the purchase. The United States is stockpiling medications for radiation sickness, which might be a worrying sign of the times. On Wednesday, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) announced that it would spend $290 million to secure an undisclosed quantity of Amgen's blood disorder drug Nplate, which has been approved to treat blood cell injuries caused by acute radiation syndrome (ARS) in ...Anti-Radiation pills' prices have skyrocketed. According to CNN, manufacturers of potassium iodide in the United States have recently reported rapidly depleted inventories as a result of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, which began on February 24. Meanwhile, to fulfil the rising demand for tablets, prices have been jacked up.The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released guidance in December 2001 on how to safely use potassium iodide. In pill or liquid form, it can help protect you during a nuclear radiation ...Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this". [1] Exposure can be from a source of radiation external to the human body or due to internal irradiation ...Nplate is also approved for adult and pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia, a blood disorder resulting in low platelet counts. Repurposing drugs for acute radiation syndrome that also are approved for a commercial indication helps to sustain availability of the product and improves healthcare provider familiarity with the drug.Chelation therapy is a medical procedure that involves the administration of chelating agents to remove heavy metals from the body. Chelation therapy has a long history of use in clinical toxicology and remains in use for some very specific medical treatments, although it is administered under very careful medical supervision due to various inherent risks.FDA Warns of Fake "Anti-Radiation" Pills. Mar 22, 2011. Laura Enderle Associate Editor. Article. Japan’s nuclear scare could prompt an onslaught of drug scams that prey on radiation fears. US government agencies are warning consumers not to be fooled by counterfeit drugs claiming to protect against illness caused by radiation exposure.DTPA (Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate) is a medicine that can bind to radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium to decrease the amount of time it takes to get radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium out of the body. DTPA cannot bind all of the radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium that might get into a person’s body after a ...The global Anti-radiation Drugs market is estimated to attain a valuation of US$ 9.6 Bn by the end of 2031, states a study by Transparency Market Research (TMR). Besides, the report notes that the market is prognosticated to expand at a CAGR of 9.9% during the forecast period, 2022-2031. The key objective of the TMR report is…Oct 25, 2018 · However, amifostine, developed by the U.S. Army Anti-Radiation Drug Development Program, is the only chemical radioprotector currently approved by the FDA. Amifostine has disadvantages such as limited administration routes, narrow administration window for efficacy, high cost, and limited protection of organs (Cheki et al. 2016 ). Jul 20, 2023 · Prussian blue side effects. Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Prussian blue may cause serious side effects. Call your doctor at once if you have: severe constipation; or. severe stomach pain. 20 Minutes in the Future, medical advances will bring us anti-rad drugs — special substances made for the purpose of treating the harmful effects of radiation on the human body. Whether they are called Rad-X, Rad-Away, hyronalin, Neutrad, or just Anti-Rad, these drugs usually fall into two main categories: Preventative anti-rad drugs, meant ...Wilmington, Delaware, United States, Aug. 11, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global anti-radiation drugs market is projected to flourish at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. As per the report ...Radiation sickness agents treat the symptoms of Acute Radiation Sickness. This includes medications to treat a gastrointestinal injury and its symptoms, nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea. This category might include antibiotics to treat opportunistic infections from the impact of reduced white blood cells. A $290 million procurement of the drug Nplate, to treat acute radiation syndrome (ARS), was announced by the US Health and Human Services (HSS). The government confirmed it was the first purchase ...The World Health Organization (WHO) today updated its list of medicines that should be stockpiled for radiological and nuclear emergencies, along with policy advice for their appropriate management. These stockpiles include medicines that either prevent or reduce exposure to radiation, or treat injuries once exposure has occurred.To reduce radiation-induced bleeding, Nplate stimulates the body’s production of platelets. The drug can be used to treat adults and children. Nplate is also approved for adult and pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia, a blood disorder resulting in low platelet counts. Repurposing drugs for acute radiation syndrome that also are ...In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma radiation (γ) particle radiation, such as alpha radiation (α), beta ...Oct 4, 2022 · The Biden regime is buying up $290 million in anti-radiation drugs for use in "nuclear emergencies" amid escalating tensions with Russia and heightened threats of a nuclear war. From Health and Human Services: FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE. October 4, 2022. Contact HHS Press Office. 202-821-9446. Oct 4, 2022 · The Biden regime is buying up $290 million in anti-radiation drugs for use in "nuclear emergencies" amid escalating tensions with Russia and heightened threats of a nuclear war. From Health and Human Services: FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE. October 4, 2022. Contact HHS Press Office. 202-821-9446. Nov 5, 2021 · Inflammation-related cytokines are another high-frequency group of anti-radiation drugs for digestive injury. IL-6-related anti-radiation drugs include ciprofloxacin , C-GSF , 18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid , CD28 mimetic peptide p2TA , delta-tocotrienol , and palmitoylethanolamide , suggesting that inflammatory inhibitors may also contribute to ... Oct 9, 2022 · Given these recent developments, the Biden administration has bought $290 million of anti-radiation drugs this week to prepare the country for threats to national security. . The HHS has confirmed ... According to the dose reduction factor, the expected radiation protective effect of the radioprotector for humans is up to 1.5. The drug betaleukin (recombinant human IL-1β) proposed as agent of early urgent anti-radiation therapy applying within two hours after irradiation. The United States government has procured anti-radiation drugs worth upwards of $290 million this week after Russian President Vladimir Putin had threatened to use nuclear weapons against its enemies. US President Joe Biden warned that prospects of Armageddon could rise after President Putin's threats amid Russia’s ongoing war with Ukraine.Wilmington, Delaware, United States, Aug. 11, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global anti-radiation drugs market is projected to flourish at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. As per the report ...DTPA (Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate) is a medicine that can bind to radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium to decrease the amount of time it takes to get radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium out of the body. DTPA cannot bind all of the radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium that might get into a person’s body after a ...These treatments include the following: Potassium iodide (ThyroShield, Iosat). This is a nonradioactive form of iodine. Iodine is essential for proper thyroid... Prussian blue (Radiogardase). This type of dye binds to particles of radioactive elements known as cesium and thallium. Diethylenetriamine ...Jul 29, 2020 · Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is emerging as a safe and effective targeted approach to treating many types of cancer. In RPT, radiation is systemically or locally delivered using ... The drug was approved by the FDA in January 2021 for use in people suffering from acute radiation syndrome following "a nuclear explosion, an accident at a nuclear reactor, a radiotherapy accident ...20 Minutes in the Future, medical advances will bring us anti-rad drugs — special substances made for the purpose of treating the harmful effects of radiation on the human body. Whether they are called Rad-X, Rad-Away, hyronalin, Neutrad, or just Anti-Rad, these drugs usually fall into two main categories: Preventative anti-rad drugs, meant ... Authored by Chris Menahan via InformationLiberation.com, The Biden regime is buying up $290 million in anti-radiation drugs for use in "nuclear emergencies" amid escalating tensions with Russia and heightened threats of a nuclear war.Is there anti radiation medication? The most common ‘drug’ on the market is a salt of stable, not-radioactive iodine. The two FDA-approved companies that make the salt are Anbex and Fleming Pharmaceuticals in the United States. What is Anti radiation Chip? The radiation emitted from electronic gadgets can be managed with anti radiation chips.To reduce radiation-induced bleeding, Nplate stimulates the body’s production of platelets. The drug can be used to treat adults and children. Nplate is also approved for adult and pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia, a blood disorder resulting in low platelet counts. Repurposing drugs for acute radiation syndrome that also are ...Aug 1, 2018 · Chelation therapy is a medical procedure that involves the administration of chelating agents to remove heavy metals from the body. Chelation therapy has a long history of use in clinical toxicology and remains in use for some very specific medical treatments, although it is administered under very careful medical supervision due to various inherent risks. Jul 29, 2020 · Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is emerging as a safe and effective targeted approach to treating many types of cancer. In RPT, radiation is systemically or locally delivered using ... May 16, 2011 · Since 2008, the official body has invested $164m into anti-radiation drug candidates. Countermeasures against ARS under development in companies and funded by federal programmes currently range from stem cell treatments to toll-like receptor agonists. The Maryland-based stem cell company Osiris Therapeutics has recently received a contract from ... But they had to develop a way of making this effect temporary and reversible. "We demonstrated the drug is efficacious when injected before radiation and after radiation. "In summary, CBLB502 reduces radiation toxicity without diminishing the therapeutic anti-tumour effect of radiation and without promoting radiation-induced carcinogenicity."The drug was approved by the FDA in January 2021 for use in people suffering from acute radiation syndrome following "a nuclear explosion, an accident at a nuclear reactor, a radiotherapy accident ...Delayed dose. Although there are no approved anti-radiation drugs on the market, a number of other therapies are in development, but most must be given within about 24 hours of exposure. “A drug ...Oct 6, 2022 · HHS Spends $290 Million On Extra Radiation Sickness Medication. It could be a "troubling sign of the times," FiercePharma says, noting the money is buying an "undisclosed" amount of the Amgen drug Nplate — approved to treat blood cell injuries from acute radiation sickness. The Department of Health and Human Services downplayed the purchase. Wilmington, Delaware, United States, Aug. 11, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global anti-radiation drugs market is projected to flourish at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. As per the report ...But they had to develop a way of making this effect temporary and reversible. "We demonstrated the drug is efficacious when injected before radiation and after radiation. "In summary, CBLB502 reduces radiation toxicity without diminishing the therapeutic anti-tumour effect of radiation and without promoting radiation-induced carcinogenicity."Antineoplastic drugs used to shrink cancer cells before radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy administered after other treatments to shrink remaining cancer cells.Prussian blue traps radioactive cesium and thallium in the intestines to keep them from being absorbed by the body. These radioactive materials move through the intestines and pass out of the body (excrete) in bowel movements. Getting these materials out of the body help limit the amount of time they expose the body to radiation. Wilmington, Delaware, United States, Aug. 11, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global anti-radiation drugs market is projected to flourish at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. As per the report ...Compare risks and benefits of common medications used for Radiation Emergency. Find the most ...May 12, 2023 · 4. Glutathione. Glutathione, a water-soluble antioxidant available in supplement and tincture form, is essential in protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals and heavy metals. Beyond its role in cellular defense, glutathione may also help counteract the detrimental effects of EMF radiation. May 16, 2011 · Since 2008, the official body has invested $164m into anti-radiation drug candidates. Countermeasures against ARS under development in companies and funded by federal programmes currently range from stem cell treatments to toll-like receptor agonists. The Maryland-based stem cell company Osiris Therapeutics has recently received a contract from ... These treatments include the following: Potassium Iodide (KI) Prussian Blue DTPA (Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate)Feb 1, 2003 · FDA Wants Anti-Radiation Drug. A centuries-old blue dye can be used to protect humans from radiation contamination. The Food and Drug Administration wants a medicinal version made to treat victims ... The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) says it has spent $290 million on a drug to treat radiation sickness in the event of a nuclear emergency. The HHS Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response ann ounced in a Tuesday release that it bought the drug Nplate from Amgen USA Inc. “as part of long-standing, ongoing efforts ...The U.S. government just dropped $290 million dollars on anti-radiation drugs in the wake of escalated nuclear rhetoric from Russian President Vladimir Putin; procurement of the drug Nplate, to treat acute radiation syndrome (ARS), was announced by the US Health and Human Services (HSS).The drug can be used to treat adults and children. Nplate is also approved for adult and pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia, a blood disorder resulting in low platelet counts. Repurposing drugs for acute radiation syndrome that also are approved for a commercial indication helps to sustain availability of the product and improves ...CC-PD-Mark. PD US Government/Wikimedia. In a shocking turn of events on Wednesday, the Department of Health and Human Services announced the purchase of Amgen’s anti-radiation drug Nplate to the tune of $290 million. President Putin’s threats of Armageddon, it seems, have finally begun to take their toll. America is not the only country ...A radiation warning sign near the ghost town of Pripyat not far from Chernobyl in 2017 in Ukraine. The Biden Administration purchased $290 million worth of a nuclear emergency drug administered by subcutaneous injection amid escalating nuclear brinkmanship between the Russian Federation and NATO. (Image: Sean Gallup/Getty Images)The U.S. government is spending $290 million to purchase a supply of a drug that can be used to treat the effects of radiation sickness. HHS announced it is purchasing a supply of the anti ...Oct 7, 2022 · The United States government has procured anti-radiation drugs worth upwards of $290 million this week after Russian President Vladimir Putin had threatened to use nuclear weapons against its enemies. US President Joe Biden warned that prospects of Armageddon could rise after President Putin's threats amid Russia’s ongoing war with Ukraine. What are anti-radiation pills? Potassium iodide (KI) tablets, or anti-radiation pills, are known to provide some protection in cases of radiation exposure. They contain non-radioactive iodine and can help block absorption, and subsequent concentration, of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland.October 7, 2022. By Timothy Gardner. WASHINGTON (Reuters)—The U.S. government this week bought $290 million in supplies of a drug designed to treat blood cell injuries following radiological and ...However, amifostine, developed by the U.S. Army Anti-Radiation Drug Development Program, is the only chemical radioprotector currently approved by the FDA. Amifostine has disadvantages such as limited administration routes, narrow administration window for efficacy, high cost, and limited protection of organs (Cheki et al. 2016 ).Aug 11, 2023 · Wilmington, Delaware, United States, Aug. 11, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global anti-radiation drugs market is projected to flourish at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. As per the report ... According to the dose reduction factor, the expected radiation protective effect of the radioprotector for humans is up to 1.5. The drug betaleukin (recombinant human IL-1β) proposed as agent of early urgent anti-radiation therapy applying within two hours after irradiation. Abstract Anti-aging properties can be found in many compounds with radiation-protective effects. Such compounds include the following: bioflavonoids, some antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine), melatonin, some non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents and statins, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, metformin, rapamycin, etc. The effects of the drugs can develop both in the case of their long-term ...Oct 6, 2022 · The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) says it has spent $290 million on a drug to treat radiation sickness in the event of a nuclear emergency. The HHS Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response ann ounced in a Tuesday release that it bought the drug Nplate from Amgen USA Inc. “as part of long-standing, ongoing efforts ... Sources used: - The Telegraph: ‘US splashes $290m on anti-radiation drugs after Putin ups nuclear threats’. - Daily Mail: ‘US stocks up on $300m worth of radiation sickness drugs but claims ...Aug 31, 2022 · What are anti-radiation pills? Potassium iodide (KI) tablets, or anti-radiation pills, are known to provide some protection in cases of radiation exposure. They contain non-radioactive iodine and can help block absorption, and subsequent concentration, of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland. The U.S. government this week bought $290 million in supplies of a drug designed to treat blood cell injuries following radiological and nuclear emergencies as part of what it said were long ...Poland discusses hosting American nuclear weapons as US buys up anti-radiation drugs. ... medical countermeasures available in case a catastrophic event exposes people to high doses of radiation ...Treatment for internal contamination. Potassium iodide (ThyroShield, Iosat). This is a nonradioactive form of iodine. Prussian blue (Radiogardase). This type of dye binds to particles of radioactive elements known as cesium and thallium. The radioactive particles are ... Diethylenetriamine ... The above studies suggested that MEA provides better protection against indirect effects (H 131 IPDM) of radiation exposure than direct effects (210 Po-citrate), and the mechanism by which DNA-incorporated Auger electron emitters (125 IdU) exert damage in mammalian cells is largely indirect in nature (4, 7, 10).Oct 9, 2022 · Given these recent developments, the Biden administration has bought $290 million of anti-radiation drugs this week to prepare the country for threats to national security. . The HHS has confirmed ... The Biden administration has placed an order for $290 million worth of a drug that can be used to treat radiation sickness. On October 4, the United States Department for Health and Human Services ...The global anti-radiation drugs market was valued at US$ 3.4 Bn in 2021 and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. Increase in demand for drugs, such as Prussian Blue ...Aug 11, 2023 · Wilmington, Delaware, United States, Aug. 11, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global anti-radiation drugs market is projected to flourish at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. The mechanisms of anti-radiation action: The optimal condition of protective action: Antioxidan: Enzyme and non-enzyme anti-radical effect, activation of Nrf2/KeapI and Sirtuin/FoxO pathway: Low-dose-rate irradiation, repeated prophylactic dose of drugs and nutrient supplement: Pro-oxidantThe drug was approved by the FDA in January 2021 for use in people suffering from acute radiation syndrome following "a nuclear explosion, an accident at a nuclear reactor, a radiotherapy accident ...But they had to develop a way of making this effect temporary and reversible. "We demonstrated the drug is efficacious when injected before radiation and after radiation. "In summary, CBLB502 reduces radiation toxicity without diminishing the therapeutic anti-tumour effect of radiation and without promoting radiation-induced carcinogenicity."4. Glutathione. Glutathione, a water-soluble antioxidant available in supplement and tincture form, is essential in protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals and heavy metals. Beyond its role in cellular defense, glutathione may also help counteract the detrimental effects of EMF radiation.Jan 22, 2015 · Delayed dose. Although there are no approved anti-radiation drugs on the market, a number of other therapies are in development, but most must be given within about 24 hours of exposure. “A drug ... 4. Glutathione. Glutathione, a water-soluble antioxidant available in supplement and tincture form, is essential in protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals and heavy metals. Beyond its role in cellular defense, glutathione may also help counteract the detrimental effects of EMF radiation.The World Health Organization (WHO) today updated its list of medicines that should be stockpiled for radiological and nuclear emergencies, along with policy advice for their appropriate management. These stockpiles include medicines that either prevent or reduce exposure to radiation, or treat injuries once exposure has occurred.Wednesday, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) said it’s throwing down $290 million to lock up an undisclosed amount of Amgen’s blood disorder med Nplate, which is approved ...
Aug 7, 2014 · The mechanisms of anti-radiation action: The optimal condition of protective action: Antioxidan: Enzyme and non-enzyme anti-radical effect, activation of Nrf2/KeapI and Sirtuin/FoxO pathway: Low-dose-rate irradiation, repeated prophylactic dose of drugs and nutrient supplement: Pro-oxidant . Www leslie
KI will not provide protection from any type of radiation exposure other than radioactive Iodine. KI should not be taken simply because there is a public notification of a radiation emergency. DHEC public health officials will advise the public when it is appropriate to consume the drug; based on whether radioactive Iodine is being released.These treatments include the following: Potassium Iodide (KI) Prussian Blue DTPA (Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate)Aug 7, 2014 · The mechanisms of anti-radiation action: The optimal condition of protective action: Antioxidan: Enzyme and non-enzyme anti-radical effect, activation of Nrf2/KeapI and Sirtuin/FoxO pathway: Low-dose-rate irradiation, repeated prophylactic dose of drugs and nutrient supplement: Pro-oxidant Oct 13, 2022 · A n announcement that the Department of Health and Human Services spent $290 million on a drug used to treat radiation sickness earlier this month raised eyebrows amid an uptick in nuclear threats ... Aug 11, 2023 · Follow. Wilmington, Delaware, United States, Aug. 11, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global anti-radiation drugs market is projected to flourish at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2022 to 2031. As per the ... Oct 13, 2022 · A n announcement that the Department of Health and Human Services spent $290 million on a drug used to treat radiation sickness earlier this month raised eyebrows amid an uptick in nuclear threats ... Nplate, a drug manufactured by Amgen USA Inc., was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2008 for long-term treatment of an autoimmune disease that can cause excessive bleeding. In January 2021, the FDA approved Nplate for treating injuries caused by radiation sickness in adults and children, including newborns.The US has bought $290 million in anti-radiation drugs amid heightened Russian threats of nuclear war. AP. The drug — which can be used on kids as well as adults — is “approved to treat ...Is there anti radiation medication? The most common ‘drug’ on the market is a salt of stable, not-radioactive iodine. The two FDA-approved companies that make the salt are Anbex and Fleming Pharmaceuticals in the United States. What is Anti radiation Chip? The radiation emitted from electronic gadgets can be managed with anti radiation chips.DTPA (Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate) is a medicine that can bind to radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium to decrease the amount of time it takes to get radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium out of the body. DTPA cannot bind all of the radioactive plutonium, americium, and curium that might get into a person’s body after a ...Sep 17, 2012 · Cleveland Biolabs, a clinical-stage biotechnology company based out of Buffalo, NY (CBLI) with subsidiaries in Russia (covered later), has developed an anti-radiation drug CBLB502 (now known as ... Oct 8, 2022 · Nplate is also approved for adult and pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia, a blood disorder resulting in low platelet counts. Repurposing drugs for acute radiation syndrome that also are approved for a commercial indication helps to sustain availability of the product and improves healthcare provider familiarity with the drug. The US spent $290 million on anti-radiation pills to save lives after a "nuclear emergency". The US Department for Health and Human Services said the purchase was part of a "long-standing program"Jun 25, 2021 · Antineoplastic drugs used to shrink cancer cells before radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy administered after other treatments to shrink remaining cancer cells. Nplate is also approved for adult and pediatric patients with immune thrombocytopenia, a blood disorder resulting in low platelet counts. Repurposing drugs for acute radiation syndrome that also are approved for a commercial indication helps to sustain availability of the product and improves healthcare provider familiarity with the drug.The sulfonamide pharmacophore has been used as a drug since the 1930s and is a current component of well over 100 approved drugs with anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-carbonic anhydrase, anti-diabetic, anti-protease, anti-inflammatory, and many other activities (Supuran, 2017); to which radiationSerotonin (5-HT3) antagonists block the effects of serotonin, a substance that commonly triggers nausea and vomiting. These drugs are effective at controlling acute nausea and vomiting and are usually given before chemo and then for a few days afterward. (Examples: ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron, palonosetron)A $290 million procurement of the drug Nplate, to treat acute radiation syndrome (ARS), was announced by the US Health and Human Services (HSS). ... US splashes $290m on anti-radiation drugs after ...In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma radiation (γ) particle radiation, such as alpha radiation (α), beta ....